γ-Butyrolactone (CAS 96-48-0), also known as γ-hydroxybutyric acid lactone, is a simple organic compound with the formula C4H6O2. It is a hygroscopic and colorless liquid with a faint odor, might seem unremarkable at first glance.

2-Methyl-2-propanol, also known as tert-butanol, is the simplest tertiary alcohol with the chemical formulat (CH3)3COH. It is a colorless, solid crystal at room temperature. However, it melts near room temperature (26 °C) to become a viscous liquid with a camphor-like odor.

2-Butanol, also known as sec-butanol, is a colorless liquid with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. It is a secondary alcohol and unlike its structural isomers, 1-butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol, 2-butanol is chiral. This means it exists in two forms, (R)-2-butanol and (S)-2-butanol

2-Methyl-1-propanol, also known as isobutanol or isobutyl alcohol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2CHCH2OH. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic smell that occurs in natural products as well as in fusel oils.

Butanol, also known as n-butanol or butan-1-ol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H9OH. It's a colorless liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor, similar to that of burnt whiskey.

1,2-Butanediol, also known as 1,2-butylene glycol, is an organic compound (diol) with the formula HOCH2(HO)CHCH2CH3. It is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slight odor.

2,3-Butanediol (also known as 2,3-butylene glycol) is an organic compound with the formula C₄H₁₀O₂. It is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water in all proportions. 2,3-Butanediol is a vic-diol, which means that the two hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms.

1,4-Butynediol or 2-butyne-1,4-diol is an organic compound that is both an alkyne and a diol with the formula C4H6O2. It is a colorless, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.

1,3-Butadiene is a colorless gas with a gasoline-like odor. It is the simplest member of the series of conjugated dienes, which contain the structure C=C-C=C, the C being carbon.