Indole, also known as 1-benzo[b]pyrrole, is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound that has a bicyclic structure (a benzene fused to a pyrrole) with the chemical formula C8H7N. It is a colorless solid with a very persistent musty odor.
Coumarin, also known as 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one or 1,2-benzopyrone, is a natural aromatic lactone with the chemical formula C9H6O2. It is a colorless crystalline solid with a bittersweet odor like hay and is used as a fixative in perfumes.
Cyclohexanone is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H10O. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with an odor similar to that of acetone that is very soluble in most organic solvents.
Cyclohexanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H12O. It is a colorless, viscous liquid or cristalline solid with a camphor-like odor that is very soluble in most organic solvents.
Piperidine, also known by other names such as hexahydropyridine, pentamethyleneimine, azacyclohexane, cyclopentimine, cypentil, and hexazane, is a secondary cyclic amine with the chemical formula C5H11N. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor typical of amines.
Cyclohexylamine, also known as aminocyclohexane, is an aliphatic primary amine with the molecular formula C6H13N. It is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and common organic solvents.
Ethylamine, also known as ethanamine, is a primary aliphatic amine with the chemical formula C2H5NH2. It is a flammable gas at room temperature with an ammonia-like odor.
Butyric acid, also known as n-butanoic acid, is a short-chain volatile fatty acid with the chemical formula C4H8O2. It is a colorless, oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor that is missible with water and most organic solvents.
Mandelic acid, also known as α-hydroxyphenylacetic acid or phenylglycolic acid, is an aromatic alpha-hydroxy acid with the chemical formula C8H8O3. It is a white crystalline powder with a faint sweet odor.
Gallic acid, also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a hydroxyaromatic acid with the chemical formula C7H6O5. It is a white solid but often appears brown due to oxidation that is soluble in alcohol and polar solvents. It was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1786.
Malic acid, also known as hydroxysuccinic acid or hydroxybutanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C4H6O5. It is a naturally occurring organic compound characterized by a tart taste.
Acetonedicarboxylic acid, also known as 3-oxoglutaric acid, 3-oxopentane dicarboxylic acid, or β-ketoglutaric acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with the formula C5H6O5. It is a crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol.