Encyclopedia Of Industrial Chemistry: Chemicals, Processes And Applications

April 18, 2024
Chemicals

Urea-Formaldehyde Resins

All urea–formaldehyde condensates containing the recurring unit urea-methyl, from monomolecular to high molecular products. During the 1970s, multiple revelations emerged regarding the composition of urea–formaldehyde resins.

January 16, 2024
Chemicals

Uses of Amino Resins

Amino resins are a versatile class of materials with a wide range of applications. They are typically formed by the reaction of an amine with a formaldehyde, and can be further modified with a variety of other additives.

Condensation reaction to form amino resins

July 4, 2024
Chemical Processes

Production of Amino Resins

Amino resin production is a two-step process: hydroxymethylation and condensation. Hydroxymethylation is the addition of formaldehyde to an amino compound, such as urea, to form a hydroxymethyl derivative. Condensation is the reaction of two hydroxymethyl derivatives to form a larger molecule.

July 4, 2024
Chemicals

Amino Resins

Amino resins are condensation polymers formed by the reaction of carbonyl compounds with compounds containing amino, imino, or amide groups. The reaction releases water, and the resulting products are oligomers, also known as prepolymers.

April 18, 2024
Organic Chemicals

Benzonitrile: Properties, Production and Uses

Benzonitrile is an organic compound with the formula C7H5N, abbreviated PhCN. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet bitter almond odor. It is mainly used as a precursor to the resin benzoguanamine.

April 18, 2024
Inorganic Compounds

Aluminate: Production and Uses

Aluminates are metal salts of alumina (aluminum oxide, Al2O3). The most important aluminates in industry are sodium aluminate and barium aluminate.

July 24, 2024
Inorganic Compounds

Aluminum Chloride: Properties, Production and Uses

Hans Christian Oersted first prepared anhydrous aluminum chloride in 1825 by passing chlorine gas through a heated mixture of alumina and carbon. This compound is a significant catalyst in organic chemistry, particularly for Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, which are used to produce alkylated aromatics, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and perfumery chemicals.

April 18, 2024
Inorganic Compounds

Alums: Properties, Production and Uses

Alum, recognized as a double salt of potassium and aluminum sulfates, was known among the ancient Greeks and Romans as both an astringent and a mordant for wool dyeing. It found diverse application, extending to skin processing, preservation of both animal and human remains, and for fireproofing wood.

April 18, 2024
Organic Chemicals

Calone 1951: Properties, Production and Uses

Calone 1951 or watermelon ketone is a synthetic organic compound with the formula C11H12O2. It is a white powder with a fresh, marine odor. Watermelon ketone is used in the fragrance industry to create fresh aquatic marine notes.

April 17, 2024
Inorganic Compounds

Aluminum Sulfate: Properties, Production and Uses

Aluminum sulfate is a white, odorless, crystalline solid. It is a chemical compound with the formula Al2(SO4)3. It is soluble in water and forms a clear solution. Aluminum sulfate is a common industrial chemical and is used for a variety of purposes.

April 17, 2024
Organic Chemicals

Allyl Alcohol: Properties, Production, Reaction and Uses

Allyl alcohol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3H6O. It belongs to the class of alcohols and contains both a hydroxyl group (-OH) and an allyl group (-CH2CH=CH2). It is an important chemical intermediate used in various industries.

April 17, 2024
Organic Chemicals

Allyl Chloride: Properties, Production, Reactions and Uses

Allyl chloride, also known as 3-chloropropene, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3H5Cl. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that holds significance in the field of organic chemistry due to its reactivity and industrial applications.