Benzene was traditionally produced from coal, but petroleum became the primary source in the mid-20th century due to new processes and increased demand. Catalytic cracking and reforming of petroleum fractions produce benzene and other aromatics.
1,4-Benzoquinone, also commonly known as para-benzoquinone or simply quinone, is an organic compound with the formula C6H4O2. It appears as bright yellow crystals with a pungent odor similar to chlorine or bleach.
Benzenesulfonic acid is an organic molecule with the formula C6H5SO3H. It is a white crystals or waxy solid that is soluble in water and ethanol.
Acetone is used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals. It plays a role in the production of pills/tablets and liquid medications, helping to balance fillers and active ingredients.
Benzaldehyde condensation is a chemical reaction between benzaldehyde and an aldehyde or ketone molecules with an α-hydrogen to form an β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone. The reaction is typically catalyzed by a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Benzidine is an organic compound with the chemical formula C12H12N2. It is a rayish-yellow, reddish-gray, or white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water.
Benzaldehyde is the most important aromatic aldehyde, both in nature and industry, with the formula C7H6O. It is a colorless liquid with a distinctive odor resembling bitter almond.
Aziridine, also known as ethylenimine, is a saturated heterocyclic amine with the formula C2H5N. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor that is highly reactive due to the strain in its three-membered ring.
Methanol is a highly versatile chemical with many uses. It is used as a fuel, a solvent, and a building block for many other chemicals and is also a renewable energy source.
4-Nitrophenol, also known as p-nitrophenol or 4-hydroxynitrobenzene, is an aromatic compound with the chemical formula C6H5NO3. It is a yellow to colorless crystalline solid with a sweet, phenolic odor. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and other organic solvents.
3-hydroxybezoic acid is one of three isomers of hydroxybenzoic acid, the other two being 2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C7H6O3. It is also known as m-hydroxybenzoic acid or m-salicylic acid. It is a white, odorless solid that is soluble in water and ethanol.
4-hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as para-hydroxybenzoic acid, is an aromatic organic acid with the chemical formula C7H6O3. It is a white or colorless solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and other polar solvents.