Phthalic acid, also known as o-phthalic acid or 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C8H6O4. It is a white, crystalline solid that is not important industrially. It is formed as a byproduct in the manufacture of phthalic anhydride.
Methacrylic acid, also known as α-methylacrylic acid or 2-methylpropenoic acid, is an organic acid with the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOH. It is a colorless, moderately volatile, corrosive liquid with a strongly acrid odor.
Salicylic acid, also known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid or o-hydroxybenzoic acid, is an aromatic compound with the formula C7H6O3. It is a colorless, odorless, crystalline solid that is found naturally in many plants, primarily as esters.
Tartaric acid, also known as acidum tartaricum, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (IUPAC nomenclature), is a white crystalline organic acid found naturally in many fruits with the formula C4H6O6. The molecule possesses two asymmetric carbon centers with two carboxylic acid groups and a dialcohol in the same molecule, resulting in four stereoisomers.
Lactic acid, also known as 2-hydroxypropionic acid, is a natural organic acid with the molecular formula CH3CH(OH)COOH. Pure lactic acid is a white, crystalline solid with a low melting point that is found in many biological systems, including the human body.
Dioxane, or 1,4-dioxane, is a heterocyclic diether with the formula C4H8O2. It is a flammable, colorless liquid with a faint, sweet odor similar to diethyl ether. It is known by other names such as p-dioxane, diethylene oxide, diethylene dioxide, diethylene ether, 1,4-dioxacyclohexane, dioxyethylene ether, and dioxan.
Isoprene, also known as 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is a five-carbon hydrocarbon that exists in nature at trace levels. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with the chemical formula C5H8.
Tetrahydrofuran (THF), also known as oxolane, is a cyclic ether with the chemical formula C4H8O. It has a wide application in the chemical industry.
Crotonic acid is the trans-isomer of 2-butenoic acid. It is a short-chain, unsaturated carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3CH=CHCOOH. The cis isomer of 2-butenoic acid is known as isocrotonic acid.
Crotonaldehyde [4170-30-3], also known as 2-butenal, is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and strong lacrimatory properties. It has a chemical formula of CH3CH=CHCHO, and it exists as two stereoisomers: cis-crotonaldehyde [15798-64-8] and trans-crotonaldehyde [123-73-9].
Perchloric acid is a strong mineral acid with the chemical formula HClO4. It is a colorless, odorless liquid that is usually found in aqueous solutions. Perchloric acid is one of the strongest Brønsted-Lowry acids.
Sodium chlorite is the sodium salt of the unstable chlorous acid with the formula NaClO2. It appears as a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water.